Why to buy Raspberry

I don’t have NAS at home, it’s not convenient to access my hard drives at any time
Want to add an additional input source to the Mi TV
Want to connect to the home network from the outside
Want to download something into hard drives by 通过树莓派下载视频到移动硬盘

About Hardware

Raspberry 4b produced in 2020, 4G of RAM
32G TF flashcard
During setting up process, there aren’t any keyboard, mouse, monitor with Raspberry
Using a laptop to read/write the flashcard
Raspberry connects to a wireless hotspot provided by the laptop
SSH to the Raspberry to complete all the operations on the laptop

Choose the OS

I read some articles online that said the Raspberry with 4G RAM runs very well on 64-bit system, so I decided to choose the 64-bit OS to install.

I tried first to install Ubuntu 64-bit LST（download-url）, it did not go well, and I finally gave up.

Eventually I installed the Offical 64-bit OS.

So, download the raspios_arm64 zip on your laptop first.

Install the OS

The tool Raspberry Pi Imager provided by offical for installing the OS is easy to use very much, however, it is not applicable for me, there are two reasons here, the one is it doesn’t the offical 64-bit OS image in it, the other is the external keyboard and mouse are necessary when using this tool but I didn’t have.

The tool Win32DiskImager is another tool I usually uesed, it can burn the system OS zip into a flashcard.

Pre-configurate

Open the falshcard on the laptop, go into /boot directory

Enable SSH access: to create a new empty file ssh
Enable access to the network through hotspot mode: to create a new file wpa_supplicant.conf, add the following in it

ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
country=CN
ap_scan=1
fast_reauth=1

network={
  ssid="hotspot-name-on-your-pc"
  psk="hotspot-password"
  priority=1
  id_str="hotspot"
}
network={
  ssid="wifi-name"
  psk="wifi-password"
  priority=2
  id_str="home5g"
}

On how to set up wireless from offical:
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/wireless/headless.md
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/wireless/wireless-cli.md

Note: for psk, use the plain text password with the double quotes, or use a pre-encrypted 32 byte password without the double quotes. You can get the pre-encrypted 32 byte password through the command line wpa_passphrase "your pasword".

Turn on the Pi

Insert the flashcard into the Pi, then plug it in the power, the Raspberry will start automatically.

Log in the Pi

Find out the IP of the Raspberry on the hotspot management page of your laptop or the IP manangement page of your router.

Access the Raspberry with SSH：

1	ssh pi@IP-of-raspberry

The default user name and password are pi / raspberry when you use the offical OS.

Change apt source to mirror site in China

I wanted to do so, but I can’t find a mirror site which supported the arm64, such as Ali and Tsinghua. So I did NOT change the apt source and used the default.

If it was really slow for you, turn on the VPN before using apt.

Change pip/pip3 to mirror site in China

mkdir ~/.pip
vi ~/.pip/pip.conf

[global]
timeout=100
index-url=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
extra-index-url=https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
[install]
trusted-host=
    mirrors.aliyun.com
    pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn

Set up: Enable VNC, change resolution, etc

1	sudo raspi-config

Use the arrow keys to move around the menus. Press the Enter key to select the menu or finish:

In Interfacing Options, find VNC，select Yes
In Boot Options, find Desktop/CLI，select Desktop Autologin
In Advanced Options, find Resolution，select 1920*1080
In Advanced Options, select Expand Filesystem
Use Tab key，move to Finish，press Enter to reboot

By now, the Raspberry Pi is configured. After reboot, it is ready to be accessed by VNC or connected to your TV.

[Optional] Install Aria

Install the following:

aria
AriaNg: a front-end web management page, I recommend All in One

At the beginning, I used sudo apt install aria2 to install, and modified the configuration by myself, unfortunately, the download speed was not ideal. Afterwards, I switched to a hot project on GitHub “Aria2 一键安装管理脚本（增强版）”

After finishing the installment, rerun the script, then achieve configurating the following:

Select 修改配置, then 修改 Aria2 下载目录
Enable 自动更新 BT-Tracker

At this point, open the AriaNg webpage, Aria2 status always displays “连接中”, and an error popup prompt: 认证失败!

Solution:
Open the configuration file /root/.aria2c/aria2.conf, find rpc-secret=, then copy its value
Open AriaNg 设置——RPC (localhost:6800) on browser, paste the above value into “Aria2 RPC 密钥”. The webpage url should be like this: http://loclhost/AriaNg/index.html#!/settings/ariang

Quan Qinle

Raspberry | How to install and set up Raspberry 4b